Vishnu Sahasranamam Lyrics in English

Om Shuklãm Bharatharam Vishnum Sashivarnam Chathurbhujam
Prasanna Vadanam Dhyayeth Sarva Vignopa Shanthayé

Vyasam Vashita Naptharam Shakte Poutramakalmasham
Parasharathmajam Vandé Shukathãthum Thaponidhim
Vyasaya Vishnu Roopaya Vyasroopaya Vishanavé
Namovai Brahmanidhayé Vãsishtaya Namonamaha

Avikãraya Shuddhãya Nithyãya Paramathmané
Sadhaika Roopa Roopaya Vishnavé Sarvajishnavé

Yasya Smarana Mathréna Janma Samsara Bandhanãth
Vimuchyathé Namas Thasmai Vishnavé Prabha Vishanvé
Om Namo Vishnavé Praba Vishnavé. 5

Shree Vaisham Pãyana Uvacha
Shruthvã Dharmãna Séshéna Pãvananicha Sarvashaha
Yudhishtara Shanthanavam Punarévãbya Bashatha

Yudhishtira Uvacha
Kimékam Daivatham Loke Kim Vápyekam Parãyanam
Sthuvantha Kam Kamarchanda Prapnuyur Mãnavã Shubam

Go Dharma Sarva Dharmãnam Bhavatha Paramo Mathaha
Kim Japan Muchyathé Janthur Janma Samsãra Bandhanãth

Shree Bheeshmã Uvacha
Jagath Prabhum Deva Devam Antham Purushothamam
Sthuvan Nãma Sahasréna Purusha Saththo Thithaha

Thameva Chãr Chayanth Nithyam Bhakthya Purusha Mavyayam
Dhayãyan Sthuvan Namasyamsha Yajamãnas Thamevacha 10

Anãdhinidhanam Vishnum Sarva Lokamahesvaram
Lokãdhyaksham Sthuvan Nithyam Sarva Dhukkã Thigo Bhavéth

Brahmanyam Sarva Dharmangyam Lokãnãm Keerthivardhanam
Lokanãtham Mahath Bhootham Sarva Bhootha Bhavothbhavam

Esha Mé Sarvadharmãnãm Dharmodhi Kathamo Mathaha
Yath Bhakthyã Pundari Kãksham Sthavai Rar-Chén Nara Ssatha

Paramam Yo Mahath Teja Paramam Yo Mahath Thapaha
Paramam Yo Mahath Brahma Paramam Ya Parãyanam

Pavithrãm Pavithram Yo Mangalãnãncha Mangalam
Daivatham Dévathãnãncha Bhoothãnãm Yovyaya Pithã 15

Yatha Sarvãni Bhoothãni Bhavanthyãdhi Yugãgamé
Yasmimscha Pralayam Yãnthi Punaréva Yugakshayé

Thasya Loka Pradhãnasya Jagan-Nãdhasya Bhoopathé
Vishnor Nama Sahasrm Mé Srunu Pãpa Bhayãpaham

Yãni Nãmãni Gounãni Vikyãthãni Mahãthmanaha
Rushibhi Parigeerthãni Thãni Vakshãyãmi Bhoothayé

Rushirnãmnãm Sahasrasya Védhavyãso Mahãmunihi
Chchando-Nushtup Thadha Dhévo Bhaghavãn Dhévagee-Suthaha

Amruthãm Soothbhavo Bheejam Shakthir Dhévaki Nandhanaha
Thrisãmã Hrudhayam Thasya Shãnthyarthé Viniyujyathe 20

Vishnum Jishnum Mahãvishnum Prabhavishum Mahéswaram
Anaika Roopa Dhaithyãntham Namãmi Purushoth-Thamam

Asya Sree Vishnor Dhivya Sahasranãma Sthothra Mahãmanthrasya
Sri Vedhavyaso Bhagavan Rishihi
a***htup Ch-Chandaha
Sri Mahavishnu Paramãthmã Sirmãn Narãyano Dévathã
Amruthãm Shoothbavo Bãnurithi Beejam
Dévakee Nandhan Srashtéthi Sakthihi
Uthbava Kshobhano Déva Ithi Paramo Manthraha
Shankbhruth Nandhkee Chakreethi Keelakam
Shãrngadhanva Gadhãdhara Ithyasthram
Radhãngapãni Rakshobhya Ithi Néthram
Thrisãma Sãmaka Sãméthi Kavacham
Aanandam Parbrahméthi Yonihi
Rudhu Sudharsank Kaala Ithi Dhigbandhaha
Sri Viswaroopa Ithi Dhyãnam

Sri Mahavishnup Preethyarthe Sahasra Nama Japé Viniyogaha

Dhyãnam

Ksheerodhanvath Pradhésé Susi Mani Vilasath Saikathe Mouthikãnãm
Malãk Lupthãsanastha Spatikamani-Nibair Moukthikair Mandithaangaha

Suprai Rbhrai Radhaprai Ruprivirasithair Muktha Bheeyuusha Varshaihi
Anandheenap Puneeyaa Dhari Nalina Gadha Shankapaanir Mukundhaha

Bhoop-Paathau Yasya Nabhir Viyadhasoora-Nilach-Chandra Sauryau Cha Néthré
Karnãvasã Siro Dhyaur-Mukamapi Dhahano Yasya Vaastheyamapdhihi

Andhastham Yasya Vishvam Soor-Nara-Khaga-Gho-Bhogi-Gandharva-Dhaithyaihi
Chitram Ramramyathe Tham Thribhuvan-Vapusham Vishnu Meesham Namaami

Shaanthãkãram Bhujagasayanam Padhmanabham Surésam
Vishwãdhãram Gaganasadhrusham Mégavarnam Subhangam

Lakshmi Kãntham Kamalanayanam Yogihrudhyãna Gamyam
Vandhé Vishnum Bavabayaharm Sarvalokaikanadham

Megha Shyamam Peetha Kausheya Vcham
Shree Vatsangam Kausthubho Bhasithangam
Punyopetham Pundari Kayadaksham Vishnum Vande Sarva Lokaika Natham

Namas Samastha Bhothanam Adi Bhoothaya Bhoo Bruthe
Aneka Roopa Roopaya Vishanve Prabha Vishnave

Shashanka Chakram Saka Reeta Kundalam Sappetha Vasthram Sarasi Ruheshanam
Shara Vaksha Sthala Shobhi Kausthubam Namami Vishnum Shirasã Chathurbhujam 5

Chayayam Parijathasya Héma Simhasano Parihi
Aasina Mam-Bhutha-Shyãma-Mãyadaksha Malankrutham

Chandrananam Chathur Bhahum Shree Vatsanghitha Vakshasam
Rukmini Sathyabhamabhyam Sahitham Kirshnamasraye

Om

Vishvam Vishnur Vashatkaro Bhootha Bhavya Bhavath Prabhuhu
Bhoothakruth Bhoothabruth Bhavo Bhoothatma Bhootha Bhavanaha

Bhoothatma Paramathma Cha Mukthanam Parama Gathihi
Avya Yapurusha Sakshi Kshetrgno Ksharo Évacha

Yogo Yoga Vitham Nétha Prdhãna Purusheshwaraha
Narasimha Vabhu Shreeman Keshava Purushothamaha

Sarva Sharvash Shivas Sthanur Bhoothathir Nidhira Vyahayaha
Sambhavo Bhavono Bartha Prabava Prabhureeshwaraha

Swambu Shambur Adithya Pushkaraksho Mahasvanaha
Anadhi Nidhano Dhath Vidhath Dhathu Ruthmaha 5

Appréyo Rishi Keshah Padmnabho Mara Prabhuhu
Visha Karma Manusthvastha Sthavishta Shtaviro-Dhruvaha

Agrahya Sashvatha Krishno Lokidaksh Pradhr Dhanaha
Prabhuth Shrikuthãma Pavithrm Manglam Param

Eashana Prãnadha Prano Jyeshta Shreshta Praja Pathihi
Hiran Ya Garbho Bhoo Gahrbho Madhavo Madhu Sudhanaha

Ishvaro Vikrami Thanvi Medavi Vikrma Kramaha
Anuththamo Durãdarsha Kruthangya Kruthi-Raathmavan

Suresha Sharnam Sharma Vishva Retha Prajabhvaha
Ahath Samvathsaro Wyallaha Prathyas Sarvadharshanaha 10

Ajas Sarvesh Varas Sidhas Sidhi Sarva Dhiru Chithaha
Vrusha Gabhir Meyathma Sarva Yoga Vinisruthaha

Vasur Vasumanas Sathya Samãthmã Sammitha-Samaha
Amoga Pundarikaksho Vrushkarma Vrushakruthihi

Rudro Bahushira Babrur Viswayoni Suchichrvaha
Amrudha Sachvadha Sthanur Vraroha Mahathapaha

Sarvakaha Sarvavidhbaanur Vishwakseno Janardhanaha
Vedo Veda Vidhav Yango Vedãngo Vedvith Kavihi

Lokã Dhyakshas Surdhyaksho Dharma Dhyaksho Krutha Kruthaha
Chathurathma Chathur Vyuhachathur Thamshta Chathur Bhujaha 15

Prajishur Bhojanam Bhoktha Sahishnur Jagatha Thijaha
Anako Vijayo Jetha Vishva Yoni Punarvasuhu

Upendro Vamaha Pramshur Amogash Shsirurjithaha
Atheendras Sangrahas Sargo Dhruthatma Niyamo Yamaha

Védyo Vaidyas-Sadã-Yogi Veeraha Madhavo Madhuhu
Atheendriyo Mahãmãyo Mahothsaho Mahabalaha

Mahabuthir Mahaveeryo Mahashakthir Mahathyuthihi
Anir Deshya Vabhu Shreema-Naméyathmã Mahã-Thri-Dhruk

Maheshvaso Maheebartha Shreenivasa Satham Gathihi
Aniruddas Surananndo Govindo Gvindãm Pathihi 20

Marichir Thamano Hamsas Superno Pujagothamaha
Hiranya Nabhas Suthapã Padmanabha Prajapthihi

Amruthyus Sarva-Dhruk Simha-Sandhãtha Sandhimãm-Stiraha
Ajo Durmarshanas-Shãsthã Vishruthãtmã Surarihã

Gurur Gurthamo Thama Sathyas Sathya Parakramaha
Nimisho Nimishas Sragvi Vãchaspathi Rutharathee

Agraneer Gramanee Shreeman Nyãyo Néthã Sameeranaha
Sahasra Murthã Vishvãtmã Sahas-Rãkshas-Sahasrapath

Aavarthano Nivruthathma Samvradhas Sampra Mardhanaha
Ahas Samvarthako Vahni-Ranilo Dharani Dharaha 25

Suprasada Prasanãthma Vishwasruk Vishvabhuk Vibhuhu
Sathkartha Sathkrudhas Sadhur Janhoor Naryano Naraha

Asangeyo Prameyathma Vishista Shista Kruch-Chuchihi
Siddhartha Siddha Sankalpa Siddhida-Siddhi Sadhanaha

Vrushahee Vrushabho Vishnur Vrushaparva Vrusho Dharaha
Varthano Varthamãnaksha Vivikta Shruth Sagaraha

Subhujo Dhurtharo Vakmi Mahendhro Vasudo Vasuhu
Naikarupo Bruhathroopas Sibhivishta Praksanaha

Ojas-Théjo Dhyuuthidhara Prakãshatmã Pratãpanaha
Ruddhas Spashtã-Ksharo Manthra-Chandrãmshur Bhaskarathdhyuthihi 30

Amruthãm Shudh Bhavo Bhanu Shashabindu Sureshwaraha
Aushadham Jagadha Sethu Sathya Dharma Parãkramaha

Bhoothabhavya Bhavannatha Pavana Pãvano Nalaha
Kamahã Kamakruth Kantha Kama Kamapratha Prabhuhu

Yugadikruth Yugavartho Naika Mayo Mahasanaha
Athrushyo Vyaktha Roopashcha Sahasrajita Nandajith

Ishto Vishishta Thistéshta Shikandi Nahursho Vrushaha
Krodhaha Krodhakruth Kartha Vishva Bahoor Mahitharaha

Achyutha Prathitha Pranaha Prãnatho Vasuvanujaha
Apãm-Nidi Rathishtana Mapramatha Prathishtithaha 35

Skandaha Skandadaro Duryo Varado Vau Vãhanaha
Vaasudevo Bruhath Banur Adi Deva Purandaraha

Ashokas Stharanas Thara Shura Shurir Janéswaraha
Anukoola Shathãvartha Padmi Padma Nibhekshanaha

Padmanabho Ravindaksha Padmagarba Sharirabruth
Maharthrir Ruthro Vruthathma Mahãksho Garudadvajaha

Atula Sharabo Bheema Samayagno Havir Harhi
Sarva Lakshana Lakshañyo Lakshmivãn Samithanjayaha

Viksharo Rohitho Margo Héthur Damodara Sahaha
Maheetharo Mahãbhogo Vegavãnami Thashanaha 40

Uthbhava Shobhano Déva Shreegarba Parmeshvaraha
Karanam Kãranam Kartha Vikartha Gahnoguhaha

Vyavasayovyvasthanas Samasthana Sthando Druvaha
Pararthi Parama Spastha Dushta Pushta Subhekshanaha

Ramo Virãmo Viratho Margo Neyo Nayo Nayaha
Veera Shakthimathãm Sreshto Dharmo Dharma Vithuthamaha

Vaikunta Purusha Prãna Prãnadha Pranava Prathuhu
Hiranyagharbha Shtrugno Vyapto Vayu Rthokshajaha

Ruthu Sudarshana Kala Parameshti Parikrahaha
Ugra Smavatsaro Daksho Vishramo Vishva Dakshinaha 45

Vishthãra Sthãvaras-Sthãnu Pramãnam Beejama Vyayam
Artho Nartho Mahakosho Mahãbhogo Mahadhanaha

Anirvinna Sthãvishtobua Dharmayubo Mahãmakaha
Nakshathra Némir Nakshthri Kshamaha Kshaamaha Smihanaha

Yagña Ejyo Mahéjyascha Krathu Sathram Sathãngkadhihi
Sarva-Darshee Vimukthathma Sarvagno Gnana-Muth-Thamam

Suvratha Sumuga Sookshma Sukosha Sukada Suhruth
Manoharo Jithakrodho Virabãhur Vithãranaha

Swãpna Swavasho Vyãpi Naikathma Naik Karmakruth
Vatsaro Vathsalo Vatsee Rathnagarbo Dhaneswaraha 50

Dharmakrup Dharmakruth Dharmi Sathakshara Maksharam
Avignatha Sahasramshur Vidhãta Krutha Lakshanaha

Gapasthinémi Sathvastha Simho Bhootha Maheswaraha
Aadi Dévo Mahãdévo Dévésho Devabruthguruhu

Uththaro Gopathir Gopthã Gnãnkamya Purãthanaha
Sharira Bhoothabruth Bhokthã Kapindro Purdakshinaha

Somabo Mrudhapa Soma Purjith Purshothama
Vinayo Jaya Sathyando Dãrshaha Sathvatham Pathihi

Jeevo Vinayithã-Sakshi Mukundo Mita Vikramaha
Ambonidhi-Ranandhathmaa Maho-Dhadishayo-Ndhakaha 55

Ajo Mahaarha Swabhaavyo Jidaa Mitrah Pramodhanaha
Anando Nandano Nanda Satya Dharma Trivikramaha

Maharshi Kapila Acharya Kritagño Metini Pathihi
Tripada Tripaddhyaksho Maha Shrung Krutaantha Kruthu

Mãha Varãho Govinda Sushenah Kanakã-Ngadhi
Ghuyo Gabeero Gahano Gupthash-Chakra Gadhãdhãraha

Vedha Swaango Jith Krishno Druda-Sankrshano-Chuthaha
Varuno Vaaruno Vruksha Pushkaraaksho Mahamanãha

Bhagavan Bhagaha-Nandhi Vana Malee Halaayudhaha
Aadhithyo Jyothir Adhitya Sahishnur Gadhisattamaha 60

Sudhanwa Kanda Parashur Dhaarundo Dhravinapradhaha
Divas-Sprug Sarva-Drug-Vyãso Vachaspathi-Rayonijaha

Trisaama Saamagah Saamah Nirvaanam Beshajam Bhishaku
Sanya-Sakruchama Shantho Nishta Shanthi Parayanam

Shubaangah Shaantidha Srashtã k**udhah Kuvaleshayaha
Gohito Gopathir Goptha Vrushabaaksho Vrusha Priyaha

Anivathee Nivruthaatma Samkshepta Kshema-Krucchivaha
Sreevatsa-Vakshã Sreevasha Sreepati Sreemataam Varaha

Sridha Srishah Srinivasah Srinidhi Srivibha-Vanaha
Sridharah Srikarah Shreyah Shriman Loka-Trayashrayaha 65

Swaksha Swanga Shadanando Nandir Jyothir Ganeshwaraha
Vichitaatma Vidhéyaatma Satkeertis Chinna Shamshayaha

Udeerna Sarvata-Chakshu-Raneesha Shaswata-Sthiraha
Bhooshayo Bhushano Bhoothir Vishoka Shoka Naashanaha

Archishmã-Narchita k**bho Vishudhaatma Vishodhanaha
Aniruddho Pratirata Pradhyumno Mitavikramaha

Kalaneminiha Vira Shaurir Shoora Janeshwaraha
Trilokatma Trilokesha Keshava Keshiha Harihi

Kama Deva Kamapala Kamee Kantha Krutaagamha
Anirdheshyavapur-Vishur-Viro Anando Dhanan Jayaha 70

Bhramanyo Brahmankrud Brahma Brahma Brahma Vivardhanaha
Brahmavith Braahmano Brahmi Brahmagnyo Braamana Priyaha

Mahakramo Mahakarmã Mahãtejã Mahoragaha
Maha-Krathur Mahãyajva Mahayagno Maha Havihi

Stavya Stavapriya Sthothram Shthuthi Sthothaarana-Priyaha
Purna Purayithã Punya Punya Keerti Ranamayaha

Manojavas Theerthagaro Vasurédhã Vasupradhaha
Vasupradho Vãsudevo Vasur Vasumanã-Havihi

Satgati Sathkriti Satta Satbooti Satparayanaha
Shoora Seno Yajushresta Sannivasa Suyamuhaha 75

Bhootãvaso Vãsudevo Sarvãsu Nilayo Nalaha
Darphaha Darpadho Dhrupto Durdharo-Dhãparãjitaha

Vishwa Murtir Mahamurthir Deeptamurtir-Amoortiman
Aneka Moorti-Ravyakta Shatamoorti Shataananaha

Eko Naika Sava Ka Kim Yatat Pada Manutta-Mam
Lokabhandhur Lokanatho Madhavo Bhaktha Vatsalaha

Suvarnavarno Hemaango Varãngash Santha Nangathi
Veeraha Visham Shoonyo Drutãshee Rachalas Chalaha

Amãni Mãndho Manyo Lokswami Trilokdhruk
Sumedha Medhajo Dhanya Satya Medha Dharã-Dharaha 80

Tejovrusho Dhyudhidhara Sarva-Shastra-Brudãm Varaha
Pragraho Nigraho Vyagro Naika Shrungo Gadhã-Grajaha

Chaturmurti Chaturbahu Chaturvyuha Chatur Gathihi
Chatur Aatma Chturbhava Chturveda Videkapãt

Samãvarto Nivruttãtma Durjayo Duradikramaha
Dhurilabo Durgamo Durgo Durãvãso Durãrihã
Shubaango Lokasãranga Sthuthantus Tantu Vardhanaha
Indra Karma Mahãkarmã Krutakarmã Krutãgamaha

Uthbhava Sundara Sundho Ratna Nabha Sulochanaha
Arko Vajasana Shrungi Jayantu Sarva Vijjayee 85

Suvarna Bindhurakshobya Sarva Vageshwara Shwaraha
Mahãhrudho Mahãkartho Mahãbhootho Mahãnidhihi

k**udha Kundhara Kundha Parjanya Pãvano Nilaha
Amrutãsho Mrutavapu Sarvagnya Sarvato Mukhaha

Sulabha Suvrata Siddha Shatrujit Shatrutãpanaha
Nyakrodho Dumbaro Chwaththas Chãnuraan-Dhranishoo Dhanaha

Shasrarchi Saptjihva Saptaida Sapta Vahanaha
Amoorti-Ranakho Chindyo Bhaya-Krut Bhayanãshanaha
Anur Bruhat Krusha Sthoolo Guna Brun Nir-Guno-Mahãn
Adhruta Svadruta Svãsya Prãgvamso Vamsa-Vardhanaha 90

Bhãrabrut Kathitho Yogi Yogeesha Sarva-Kãmadhaha
Ashrama Shramana Kshãma Suparno Vãyu Vãhanaha

Dhanurdharo Dhanurvedho Dando Damayitã Damaha
Aparãjita Sarvashaho Niyanthã Niyamo Yamaha

Satvavaãn Sãtvika Satyã Satyã Dharma Pãrayanaha
Abhipr Ãya Priyãr Horha Priyakrit Preetivardhanaha

Vihayã Sagatir Jyoti Suruchir Huta Bug Vibhuhu
Ravir Virochana Surya Savithã Ravi-Lochanaha

Ananta Hutabuk Bhoktha Sugadho Naikajhograjaha
Anirvirna Sadhãmasrshi Lokhadhistana-Madhbutaha 95

Sanãt Sanãt-Anamah Kapila Kapiravyaha
Svastidah Svatikrut Svasti Svastibuk Svasti Dakshinaha

Aroudhra Kundali Chakri Vikram Yurjitha Shasanaha
Shabdhãtika Shabtasaha Shishira Sarva-Reekaraha

Akroora Peshalo Daksho Dakshinaha Kshminãm Varaha
Vidhvatthamo Veedhabhaya Punya-Shravana Keertanaha

Uttãrano Dushkruthihã Punyo Dur-Swapna Nashanaha
Veeraha Rakshna Sandho Jivana Paryasthithaha

Anantharoopo-Nanthasreer Jithamanyur Bayãpahaha
Chathurasro Gabheerãthma Ivdhisho Vyãdhsho Dhisaha 100

Anãthir Bhoorbhavo Lakshmi Suviro Ruchirãngadhaha
Janano Jana-Janmadir Bhimo Bhima Parãkramaha

Adãra Nilayo Dhãthã Pushpa Hãsa Prajã-Garaha
Urdhvaga Satpatã Chãra Prãnadha Pranava Pranaha

Pramãnam Prãna Nilaya Prãnabrut Prãna Jivanaha
Tatvam Tatva Videkãtma Janma Mrutyu Jarãthigaha

Bhoorbhuva Svastha-Srusthãra Savita Prapitãmahaha
Yogño Yagñapatir Yajva Yagnãngo Yagna Vãhanaha

Yagñabrudth Yagñakruth Yagñee Yagñabhug Yagña Sãdhanaha
Yagnãndha-Krudh Yagna-Guhya Manna-Mannãdha Evacha

Atmayoni Svayam Jãto Vaikhãna Sãmagãyanaha
Devaki Nandhana Shruastã Kshideesha Pãpa Nãshanaha

Sanghabrun Nandagi Chakri Shãrnga Dhanva Gadhã Dharaha
Rathanga Pani Rakshobhya Sarva Prharanãyudhaha

Sarva Prharanãyudha Om Nama Ithi

Vana Mali Gadhi Shãrngi Shangi Chakri Chanandhagi
Shreeman Narayano Vishnur Vãsudeva Abhirakshathu 108
(Repeat Three Times)

Itheetham Kirtaniyasya Keshavasya Mahãtmanaha
Nãmnãm Sahasram Divyãnãm Asheshena Prakeertitham

Ya Idham Shrunuyã Nityam Yaschabhi Parikeertayéth
Nãshubam Prapnuyath Kimchit Somutréha-Cha-Manavaha

Vedhaantago Bhrãmana-Syãt Kshatriyo Vijayee Bhavet
Vaishyo Dhana Samruta-Syãt Shoodhra Sukha-Mãvãpnuyat

Dharmarthi Prapnuath Dharma Marthaarthi Charthmãpnuyath
Kãmã-Navapnuyat Kami Prajãrti Chãpnuyãt Prajãm

Bhaktimãn Ya Sathodhdãya Shuchi-Sthagahamãnasaha
Sahasram Vãsudevasya Nãmnã-Metath Prakeertayedh 5

Yasha Prapnoti Vipulam Yãdhi Prãdhãnya-Mevacha
Achalãm Shriya Mãpnoti Shreya Praphnothya-Nuththamam

Nabhayam Kvachitãpnoti Veeryam Tejascha Vindhati
Bhavat-Yarogo Dyutimãn Bala Roopa Gunãnvitaha

Rogãrto Muchyate Rogãth Baddho Muchyetha Bhandhãnaãth
Bhayãn Muchyeta Bheethasthu Muchyetãpana Ãpataha

Durgãn-Yadhitharat-Yãshu Purusha Purushotamam
Stuvan Nãma Sahasrena Nityam Bhakti Samanvitaha

Vãsudevãshrayo Martyo Vãsudeva Parayanaha
Sarva Pãpa Vishuddhãtma Yãdhi Brahma Sanãthanam 10

Na Vãsudeva Bhaktãnã-Mashubham Vidhyate Kvachith
Janma Mrutyu Jarã Vyãdhi Bhayam Naivo Pajãyathe

Imam Sthava-Madheeyana Shraddha Bhakti Samanvitaha
Yujyetãtma Sukha Kshanti Shree-Dhriti Smruti Keertibhihi

Nakrodho Na Cha Mãtsaryam Na Lobho Nãshubhã Pathihi
Bhavanthi Kruta Punyãnãm Bhaktãnam Purushottame

Dhyausa Chandhrãrka Nakshtrã Kamdhisho Bhoor Mahodatihi
Vãsudevasya Veeryena Vidrutãni Mahãtmanaha

Sa-Sooraasoora Gandharvam Sa-Yakshorka Raakshasam
Jagathvasé Varthathétham Krushnasya Sasarãsaram 15

Indhriyãni Mano Buddhi Satyam Tejo Balam Dhrithihi
Vãsudevãtmakãn Yãhoohu Kshetram Kshetrangya Evacha

Sarvãkamãna Mãchãra Prathamam Parikalphithaha
Achara Prabhavo Dharmo Dharmasya Prabhurachyuthaha

Rushay Pitharo Devo Mahabhootani Dhatavaha
Jangamã Jangamam Chedham Jagan Naryanodh Bhavam

Yogo Gyãnam Tadã Saankhyam Vidhya Shilpãdhi Karmacha
Vedha Shaastrãni Vigyãna Metat Sarvam Janãrdhanath

Eko Vishnur Mahat Bhootam Pruthak Bhootani Yenekashaha
Treen Lokan Vyãpata Bhootãtma Bungthe Vishva Bhugavyaha 20

Imam Shavam Bhaghavatho Vishnor Vyãsena Keertidam
Padéthya Ichchét Purusha Shréeya Prãpthum Sukhani Cha

Vishveshra Majam Devam Jagadha Prabhu Vãpuyayam
Bhajanthiye Pushkarãksham Nadheyãnti Parãbhavam

Nadheyanti Parãbhava Om Nam Iti

Arjuna Uvacha
Padma Patra Vishãlãksha Padmanãbha Surottama
Bhaktãnãm Anuraktãnãm Trãtã Bhava Janãrdhana

Shree Bhagavan Uvacha
Yo Maam Nãma Shahasrena Shtotu Michathi Pãndava
Sohamékena Slokena Stuta Evana Sumshayaha
Sthuta Evana Samshaya Om Nama Ithi

Vyãsa Uvãcha
Vãsanaadh Vãsudevasya Vasitam Bhuvanatrayam
Sarva Bhoota Nivasosi Vasudeva Namosthuthe
Sri Vãsudeva Namosthutha Om Nama Ithi 25

Parvat Uvacha
Kenopayena Lakhuna Visnor Nãma Sahasrakam
Patyathe Pandithair Nityam Srothu Micchamyaham Prabho

Ishwara Uvacha
Shreerãma Rãma Rãméthi Ramé Rãme Manoramé
Sahasra Nãma Thattulyam Rãma Nãma Varanané (Repeat This Verse Three Times)
Shree Rãma Nama Varãnana Om Nama Ithi

Brahmo Uvacha
Namo Swananthãya Sahasra Murthayé Shasra Padakshi Siroru Bãhave
Sahasra Nãmne Purushãya Sãswate Sahasr Kodi Yugadãrine Namaha
Sahasra Kodi Yuga Dãrine Nam Om Nama Ithi

Sanjaya Uvacha
Etra Yogeshwara Krishno Yatra Pãrtho Dhanur Dharaha
Tatra Shri Vijayo Bhutir Dhruva Neetir Mathir Mama

Shree Bhagavan Uvacha
Ananya Shinttha Yantomã Yejanã Paryu Pãsathe
Tesham Nityabhiyuktãnãm Yogakshemam Vahãmyaham 30

Paritranaya Sadhunam Vinãshãya Cha Dhushkrutãm
Dharma Samsathãpanãrthãya Sambhavãmi Yuge Yuge

Artã Vishannã s***hilãscha Bheethã Koreshu Cha Vyathishu Vartamãnãhã
Samkeertya Narãyana Shabta Mãtram Vimukta Dhukka Sukhino Bhavanthu

Kãyena Vãchã Manasendriyerva Budhyãtma Nãva Prakruté Swabhãvath
Karomi Yadyat Sakalam Parasmai Narãyanãyetu Samarpayãmi.

What happens when you type an URL in the browser and press enter?

If you are in any type of a technical profession, I am sure someone at some point has asked you this question. Whether you are an engineer, developer, marketer or even in sales, it is always good to have a basic understanding of what is going on behind our browsers and how information is transferred to our computers via the internet.

Let’s imagine that you want to access maps.google.com to check the exact time it would take for you to get to your dinner reservation from work.

1. You type maps.google.com into the address bar of your browser.

2. The browser checks the cache for a DNS record to find the corresponding IP address of maps.google.com.

DNS(Domain Name System) is a database that maintains the name of the website (URL) and the particular IP address it links to. Every single URL on the internet has a unique IP address assigned to it. The IP address belongs to the computer which hosts the server of the website we are requesting to access. For an example, www.google.com has an IP address of 209.85.227.104. So if you’d like you can reach www.google.com by typing http://209.85.227.104 on your browser. DNS is a list of URLs and their IP addresses just like how a phone book is a list of names and their corresponding phone numbers.

The main purpose of DNS is human-friendly navigation. You can easily access a website by typing the correct IP address for it on your browser but imagine having to remember different sets of numbers for all the websites we regularly access? Therefore, it is easier to remember the name of the website using an URL and let DNS do the work for us with mapping it to the correct IP.

In order to find the DNS record, the browser checks four caches.

● First, it checks the browser cache. The browser maintains a repository of DNS records for a fixed duration for websites you have previously visited. So, it is the first place to run a DNS query.

● Second, the browser checks the OS cache. If it is not found in the browser cache, the browser would make a system call (i.e. gethostname on Windows) to your underlying computer OS to fetch the record since the OS also maintains a cache of DNS records.

● Third, it checks the router cache. If it’s not found on your computer, the browser would communicate with the router that maintains its’ own cache of DNS records.

● Fourth, it checks the ISP cache. If all steps fail, the browser would move on to the ISP. Your ISP maintains its’ own DNS server which includes a cache of DNS records which the browser would check with the last hope of finding your requested URL.

You may wonder why there are so many caches maintained at so many levels. Although our information being cached somewhere doesn’t make us feel very comfortable when it comes to privacy, caches are important for regulating network traffic and improving data transfer times.

3. If the requested URL is not in the cache, ISP’s DNS server initiates a DNS query to find the IP address of the server that hosts maps.google.com.

As mentioned earlier, in order for my computer to connect with the server that hosts maps.google.com, I need the IP address of maps.google.com. The purpose of a DNS query is to search multiple DNS servers on the internet until it finds the correct IP address for the website. This type of search is called a recursive search since the search will continue repeatedly from DNS server to DNS server until it either finds the IP address we need or returns an error response saying it was unable to find it.

In this situation, we would call the ISP’s DNS server a DNS recursor whose responsibility is to find the proper IP address of the intended domain name by asking other DNS servers on the internet for an answer. The other DNS servers are called name servers since they perform a DNS search based on the domain architecture of the website domain name.

Without further confusing you, I’d like to use the following diagram to explain the domain architecture.

https://webhostinggeeks.com/guides/dns/

Many website URLs we encounter today contain a third-level domain, a second-level domain, and a top-level domain. Each of these levels contains their own name server which is queried during the DNS lookup process.

For maps.google.com, first, the DNS recursor will contact the root name server. The root name server will redirect it to .com domain name server. .com name server will redirect it to google.com name server. google.com name server will find the matching IP address for maps.google.com in its’ DNS records and return it to your DNS recursor which will send it back to your browser.

These requests are sent using small data packets which contain information such as the content of the request and the IP address it is destined for (IP address of the DNS recursor). These packets travel through multiple networking equipment between the client and the server before it reaches the correct DNS server. This equipment use routing tables to figure out which way is the fastest possible way for the packet to reach its’ destination. If these packets get lost you’ll get a request failed error. Otherwise, they will reach the correct DNS server, grab the correct IP address, and come back to your browser.

4. Browser initiates a TCP connection with the server.

Once the browser receives the correct IP address it will build a connection with the server that matches IP address to transfer information. Browsers use internet protocols to build such connections. There are a number of different internet protocols which can be used but TCP is the most common protocol used for any type of HTTP request.

In order to transfer data packets between your computer(client) and the server, it is important to have a TCP connection established. This connection is established using a process called the TCP/IP three-way handshake. This is a three step process where the client and the server exchange SYN(synchronize) and ACK(acknowledge) messages to establish a connection.

1. Client machine sends a SYN packet to the server over the internet asking if it is open for new connections.

2. If the server has open ports that can accept and initiate new connections, it’ll respond with an ACKnowledgment of the SYN packet using a SYN/ACK packet.

3. The client will receive the SYN/ACK packet from the server and will acknowledge it by sending an ACK packet.

Then a TCP connection is established for data transmission!

5. The browser sends an HTTP request to the web server.

Once the TCP connection is established, it is time to start transferring data! The browser will send a GET request asking for maps.google.com web page. If you’re entering credentials or submitting a form this could be a POST request. This request will also contain additional information such as browser identification (User-Agent header), types of requests that it will accept (Accept header), and connection headers asking it to keep the TCP connection alive for additional requests. It will also pass information taken from cookies the browser has in store for this domain.

Sample GET request (Headers are highlighted):

(If you’re curious about what’s going on behind the scenes you can use tools such as Firebug to take a look at HTTP requests. It is always fun to see the information passed between clients and servers without us knowing).

6. The server handles the request and sends back a response.

The server contains a web server (i.e Apache, IIS) which receives the request from the browser and passes it to a request handler to read and generate a response. The request handler is a program (written in ASP.NET, PHP, Ruby, etc.) that reads the request, its’ headers, and cookies to check what is being requested and also update the information on the server if needed. Then it will assemble a response in a particular format (JSON, XML, HTML).

7. The server sends out an HTTP response.

The server response contains the web page you requested as well as the status code, compression type (Content-Encoding), how to cache the page (Cache-Control), any cookies to set, privacy information, etc.

Example HTTP server response:

If you look at the above response the first line shows a status code. This is quite important as it tells us the status of the response. There are five types of statuses detailed using a numerical code.

● 1xx indicates an informational message only

● 2xx indicates success of some kind

● 3xx redirects the client to another URL

● 4xx indicates an error on the client’s part

● 5xx indicates an error on the server’s part

So, if you encountered an error you can take a look at the HTTP response to check what type of status code you have received.

8. The browser displays the HTML content (for HTML responses which is the most common).

The browser displays the HTML content in phases. First, it will render the bare bone HTML skeleton. Then it will check the HTML tags and sends out GET requests for additional elements on the web page, such as images, CSS stylesheets, JavaScript files etc. These static files are cached by the browser so it doesn’t have to fetch them again the next time you visit the page. At the end, you’ll see maps.google.com appearing on your browser.

That’s it!

Although this seems like a very tedious prolonged process we know that it takes less than seconds for a web page to render after we hit enter on our keyboard. All of these steps happens within milliseconds before we could even notice. I sincerely hope this article helps you answer the question “What happens when you type an URL in the browser and press enter?”.

Feel free to like, comment or share this article if it was helpful:)

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4 Ways to Send Email Attachment from Linux Command Line

Once you get familiar to using the Linux terminal, you wish to do everything on your system by simply typing commands including sending emails and one of the important aspects of sending emails is attachments. Especially for Sysadmins, can attach a backup file, log file/system operation report or any related information, and send it to a remote machine or workmate.
In this post, we will learn ways of sending an email with attachment from the Linux terminal. Importantly, there are several command line email clients for Linux that you can use to process emails with simple features.

Requirement

To effectively and reliably use this tutorial, you must have a working mail system or setup one of the mail transfer agents (MTA’s) for Linux on your system.
A MTA is an application responsible for sending and receiving emails from one host to another.
Below are the various, well known methods of sending email with attachment from the terminal.

1. Using mail Command

mail is part of the mailutils (On Debian) and mailx (On RedHat) package and it is used to process messages on the command line.

$ sudo apt-get install mailutils
# yum install mailx

Now its time to send an email attachment using mail command a shown.

$ echo "Message Body Here" | mail -s "Subject Here" user@example.com -A backup.zip

In the above command, the flag:

1. -s – specifies the message subject.
2. -A – helps to attach a file.

You can as well send an existing message from a file as follows:

$ mail -s "Subject here" -t user@example.com -A backup.zip < message.txt

2. Using mutt Command

mutt is a popular, lightweight command line email client for Linux.
If you do not have it on your system, type the command below to install it:

$ sudo apt-get install mutt
# yum install mutt

You can send an email with attachment using the mutt command below.

$ echo "Message Body Here" | mutt -s "Subject Here" -a backup.zip user@example.com

where the option:

1. -s – indicates the message subject.
2. -a – identifies the attachment(s).

Read more about Mutt – A Command Line Email Client to Send Mails from Terminal

3. Using mailx Command

mailx works more like the mutt command and it it also a part of mailutils (On Debian) package.

$ sudo apt-get install mailutils
# yum install mailx

Now send the attachment mail from the command-line using mailx command.

$ echo "Message Body Here" | mailx -s "Subject Here" -a backup.zip user@example.com

4. Using mpack Command

mpack encodes the named file in one or more MIME messages and sends the message to one or more recipients, or writes it to a named file or set of files, or posts it to a set of newsgroups.

$ sudo apt-get install mpack
# yum install mpack

To send a message with attachment, run the command below.

$ mpack -s "Subject here" file user@example.com

SOURCE

Greetings in email.

Do you know what I just spent way too long doing? Scrolling through all of my sent messages.

I realized two very important (and slightly embarrassing) things:

One: I send way too many emails. I mean way too many.
Two: I start nearly every single one with "I hope you're doing well!" Seriously. Every. Single. One.

Has anyone ever been full of more hope than me?

Jokes aside, You wouldn't think that your email greeting would be that complicated to write.

But, I've learned that landing on that perfect sentence that seamlessly segues into the rest of my note is an art form in and of itself.

Do you find yourself as stumped as I do? You're in luck. I've rounded up 40 different email greetings you can use to kick start your message. Because, let's face it--nobody actually means "Happy Monday!"

If You Need Something Formal

1.  Allow Me to Introduce Myself 
2. Good afternoon
3. Good morning
4. How are you?
5. Hope this email finds you well
6. I hope you enjoyed your weekend
7. I hope you're doing well
8. I hope you're having a great week
9. I hope you're having a wonderful day
10. It's great to hear from you
11. I'm eager to get your advice on...
12. I'm reaching out about...
13. Thank you for your help
14. Thank you for the update
15. Thanks for getting in touch
16. Thanks for the quick response

If You're Following Up on Something

17. As promised, I'm...
18. As we discussed on our call...
19. Can you provide me with an update on...
20. I'm checking in on...
21. I'm getting back to you about...
22. To follow up on our meeting...

If You Want to Get (Appropriately) Personal

23. Congratulations on [recent accomplishment]
24. How did [recent project] turn out?
25. I hope you enjoyed your [event or vacation]
26. I loved your recent [photo/article/social media post]
27. I was just laughing the other day about [inside joke]
28. I was just thinking about you and [shared memory]
29. It was great to see you at [event]
30. This [article/video/GIF] made me think of you
31. [Mutual Contact] recommended I get in touch with you

If You're Feeling Funny

32. Happy "Not Monday"
33. Hello from the other side
34. Here's the good news: Only [number] more days until Friday
35. Hope you're surviving another workweek
36. I hope you've had your coffee already
37. It's me again
38. I'll keep this short
39. I'm sorry if this Message sabotaged "inbox zero" for you
40. Just what you want: another email!

It's important to keep in mind that not all of these opening lines will be appropriate for every email you send. An important client or your boss, for example, will probably require something from the "formal" category. But, a close colleague or long-time friend? Well, he or she might get a kick out of a funny greeting that strays from the tried and true standards.

At any rate, there's no need to follow in my footsteps and begin every single one of your messages with the same greeting. Now that I have this list pulled together, you can bet I'll be using it as inspiration for all of my emails--and, I think you should too.

Have another opening line that you love to use? Let me know on Twitter what I missed.

How To Secure Apache with Let's Encrypt on Ubuntu 16.04

Introduction

This tutorial will show you how to set up a TLS/SSL certificate from Let’s Encrypt on an Ubuntu 16.04 server running Apache as a web server.
SSL certificates are used within web servers to encrypt the traffic between the server and client, providing extra security for users accessing your application. Let’s Encrypt provides an easy way to obtain and install trusted certificates for free.

Prerequisites

In order to complete this guide, you will need:

• An Ubuntu 16.04 server with a non-root sudo-enabled user, which you can set up by following our Initial Server Setup guide
• The Apache web server installed with one or more domain names properly configured through Virtual Hosts that specify ServerName.

When you are ready to move on, log into your server using your sudo-enabled account.

Step 1 — Install the Let's Encrypt Client

Let's Encrypt certificates are fetched via client software running on your server. The official client is called Certbot, and its developers maintain their own Ubuntu software repository with up-to-date versions. Because Certbot is in such active development it's worth using this repository to install a newer version than Ubuntu provides by default.
First, add the repository:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:certbot/certbot

You'll need to press ENTER to accept. Afterwards, update the package list to pick up the new repository's package information:

sudo apt-get update

And finally, install Certbot from the new repository with apt-get:

sudo apt-get install python-certbot-apache

The certbot Let's Encrypt client is now ready to use.

Step 2 — Set Up the SSL Certificate

Generating the SSL certificate for Apache using Certbot is quite straightforward. The client will automatically obtain and install a new SSL certificate that is valid for the domains provided as parameters.
To execute the interactive installation and obtain a certificate that covers only a single domain, run the certbot command like so, where example.com is your domain:

sudo certbot --apache -d example.com

If you want to install a single certificate that is valid for multiple domains or subdomains, you can pass them as additional parameters to the command. The first domain name in the list of parameters will be the base domain used by Let’s Encrypt to create the certificate, and for that reason we recommend that you pass the bare top-level domain name as first in the list, followed by any additional subdomains or aliases:

sudo certbot --apache -d example.com -d www.example.com

For this example, the base domain will be example.com.
If you have multiple virtual hosts, you should run certbot once for each to generate a new certificate for each. You can distribute multiple domains and subdomains across your virtual hosts in any way.
After the dependencies are installed, you will be presented with a step-by-step guide to customize your certificate options. You will be asked to provide an email address for lost key recovery and notices, and you will be able to choose between enabling both http and https access or forcing all requests to redirect to https. It is usually safest to require https, unless you have a specific need for unencrypted http traffic.
When the installation is finished, you should be able to find the generated certificate files at /etc/letsencrypt/live. You can verify the status of your SSL certificate with the following link (don’t forget to replace example.com with your base domain):

https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html?d=example.com&latest

You should now be able to access your website using a https prefix.

Step 3 — Verifying Certbot Auto-Renewal

Let’s Encrypt certificates only last for 90 days. However, the certbot package we installed takes care of this for us by running certbot renew twice a day via a systemd timer. On non-systemd distributions this functionality is provided by a cron script placed in /etc/cron.d. The task runs twice daily and will renew any certificate that's within thirty days of expiration.
To test the renewal process, you can do a dry run with certbot:

sudo certbot renew --dry-run

If you see no errors, you're all set. When necessary, Certbot will renew your certificates and reload Apache to pick up the changes. If the automated renewal process ever fails, Let’s Encrypt will send a message to the email you specified, warning you when your certificate is about to expire.

Conclusion

In this guide, we saw how to install a free SSL certificate from Let’s Encrypt in order to secure a website hosted with Apache. We recommend that you check the official Let’s Encrypt blog for important updates from time to time, and read the Certbot documentation for more details about the Certbot client

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